Numerical Verification of Groundwater Suitability for Irrigation Around the Subsurface Dam Area of Miyako Island, Japan

A. K. M. Adham; Md. Touhidul Islam

doi:10.59983/s2024020202

A. K. M. Adham ¹ , Md. Touhidul Islam ²

¹ Department of Irrigation and Water Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4400-0929
² Department of Irrigation and Water Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3206-0326

✉ Author responsible for correspondence: This information is protected, please see article PDF.

doi 10.59983/s2024020202

Abstract

The sustainable management of water resources is essential for agricultural productivity, especially in areas with scarce water availability. This study focused on assessing groundwater quality for irrigation near the subsurface dam area of Miyako Island, Japan. Water samples from three observation points were tested for various parameters, including electrical conductivity (EC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), residual sodium bicarbonate (RSBC), permeability index (PI), Kelley's ratio (KR), and magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR). EC values ranged from 270 to 800 µS/cm, suggesting water quality ranging from doubtful to good. SAR values between 0.23 and 1.49 suggested excellent quality. SSP ranged from 7.90% to 31.71%, mostly indicating good to excellent quality. RSBC values fluctuated between -1.57 to 1.45 epm, largely within safe limits. PI values varied from 40.34 to 75.83, indicating good permeability. Total hardness (TH) ranged from 105.50 to 326.45 ppm, classifying the water as hard to very hard. MAR values were below 50, suggesting potential soil issues. A numerical model confirmed observed Ca²⁺ concentrations, showing an increasing trend due to enhanced CO₂ emissions and lower pH. The data analysis revealed strong positive relationships between SSP and KR (r = 0.984), SAR and SSP (r = 0.951), and SAR and KR (r = 0.960). Despite generally acceptable values, continuous monitoring is recommended, especially for hardness, to ensure sustainable crop production. This study underscores the need for regular assessment and management of groundwater quality in subsurface dam areas to mitigate potential adverse effects on soil and agricultural productivity.

Keywords:

groundwater quality, irrigation suitability, Miyako island, numerical modeling, subsurface dam

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